Chapter 2: States of Matter (Physical Chemistry)

2.1: Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory

1. Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
2. More on Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases

2.2: Deviation of real gases from ideal behavior

1. Non-Ideal Behaviour of Gases

2.3: Gas laws

1. Boyle's Law of Gases
2. Experimental Verification of Boyle's Law
3. Graphical Explanation of Boyle's Law
4. Charles's Law
5. Experimental Verification of Charles's Law
6. Derivation of Absolute Zero
7. Graphical Explanation of Charles' Law
8. Avogadro's Law
9. Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
10. General Gas Equation
11. Ideal Gas Constant R
12. Density of an Ideal Gas

2.4: Causes of deviation from ideal behaviour

1. Causes for Deviations from Ideality

2.5: Conditions to approach ideal behaviour

1. Van der Waals Equation for Real Gases; Volume Correction
2. Pressure Correction
3. Proving Correction of Volume and Pressure
4. Van der Waal's Constants

2.6: Liquid state

1. Postulates of Kinetic Molecular theory of Liquids
2. Evaporation
3. Dissolving, Filtering and Evaporating
4. Vapour Pressure
5. Boiling Points of Liquids
6. Effect of Vapour Pressure on Boiling Point
7. Effect of Temperature on Vapour Pressure
8. Manometric Method of Measuring Vapour Pressure
9. Boiling Point and External Pressure
10. Hydrogen Bonding
11. Hydrogen Bonding in Paints, Dyes and Textile Materials

2.7: The lattice structure of a crystalline solid

1. Crystalline Solids
2. Crystal Lattice
3. Unit Cell

2.8: Giant ionic structure, as in sodium chloride

1. Structure of Sodium Chloride

2.9: Simple molecular, as in iodine

1. Molecular Solids
2. Structure of Solid Iodine

2.10: Giant molecular, as in graphite; diamond; silicon(IV) oxide

1. Diamond
2. Structure of Diamond
3. Structure of Graphite

2.11: Metallic as in Cu and Fe.

1. Metallic Solids
2. Structure of Metals