Chapter 6: Human Physiology

6.1: Excretion and Osmoregulation

1. Structure of Kidney
2. Structure of Nephron
3. Type of Nephron
4. Function of Kidney
5. Functions of Kidney
6. Role of hormone in excretory products
7. How ADH affects the Kidneys
8. Kidney as Osmoregulatory Organ
9. Urea Formation, Kidney Filteration
10. Kidney Stones
11. Kidney Stone
12. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
13. Removal of Kidney Stone
14. Kidney (Renal) Failure, Dialysis
15. Peritoneal Dialysis
16. Kidney Transplant
17. Kidney Transplant

6.2: Nervous System

1. Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain
2. The Divisions of Brain, Forebrain
3. Mind Brain and Hind Brain
4. Spinal Cord
5. More on Spinal Cord
6. Spinal cord
7. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
8. More on Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
9. Periphral Nervous System
10. More on PNS (Periphral Nervous System)
11. Reflex Arc
12. Nerve Cell or Neuron
13. Nerve Types
14. Neuron Types
15. Nervous Tissue
16. Paralysis
17. Epilepsy
18. Alzheimer's Disease
19. Parkinson's Disease
20. Multiple Scllerosis
21. Huntingtons Disease
22. Biological Clocks and Circadian Rhythms

6.3: Reproduction

1. Male Reproductive System
2. More on Male Reproductive System
3. Functions of male Reproductive System
4. Hormonal Control of Male reproductive System
5. Female Reproductive System
6. Functions of Female Reproductive System
7. Menstrual Cycle
8. Hormonal Control of Reproductive Cycles
9. Gametogenesis
10. AIDS, A Sexually Transmitted Disease

6.4: Support and Movement

1. Role of Skeletal System
2. Locomotion in Mammals
3. Human Skeleton, Axial Skeleton
4. Vertebral Column
5. Ribs
6. Pelvic Girdle and hind limb
7. Skull
8. Types of Joints
9. More on Joints
10. Synovial Joint
11. Arrangment of Skeletal Muscles for Skeletal Movement
12. Smooth and Cardiac Muscles
13. Skeletal Muscles , Skeletal Muscle Fibre
14. More on Skeletal Muscles , Skeletal Muscle Fibre
15. Ultra Structure of Microfilaments
16. Sliding Filament Model
17. How Bridges are Controled
18. Controlling the Actin-Myosin Interaction by Ca++ ions
19. Energy for Muscle Contration, Muscle Fatigue
20. Tetany, Cramp

6.5: Hormonal control (Endocrine glands)

1. Mode of Hormone Action
2. Chemical Nature of Hormone
3. Important Endocrine Glands
4. Pituitary Gland
5. Pituitary's Median lobe and posterior lobe
6. Thyroid Gland
7. Parathyroid Glands
8. Adrenal Glands
9. Pancreas
10. Gonads
11. Feedback Mechanisms

6.6: Immunity

1. Immunity, Immunology
2. First Line of Defence
3. Second Line of Defence
4. Chemical components of the Skin's Defense
5. Cilia and Mucus
6. Killing Cells of Blood, Macrophages
7. Neutrophils, Natural Killer Cells
8. Complement System
9. Interferon
10. Inflammatory Response as one of the non specific Defenses
11. Pyrexia and Pyrogens
12. Ways the Fever kills Microbes
13. The Specific Defences (Third Line of Defence )
14. Inborn and Acquired Immunity
15. Vaccination a Mean to Develop Active Acquired Immunity
16. Cell Mediated Immune Response
17. The Antibody Mediated Immune Response
18. Structure Model of Antibodies
19. Role of Memory Cell in Immunity
20. Allergies
21. Role of T-Cells and b-Cells in Transplant Rejection
22. Autoimmune Disease